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Chainsaw magneto coil. What is a magneto? Magneto operation. Design and operation. Magneto Ignition Systems Maintenance and Repair

The starting motor is an auxiliary unit, thanks to which diesel power units are started. To make the auxiliary engine work, a spark of the required power must be created in its cylinder, igniting the fuel mixture. The starting motor magneto ensures the generation and supply of the required voltage to the spark plug, capable of creating a spark discharge.

Electronic ignition system

In the electronic ignition system, which is one of the most important components of a modern car, high voltage current is created and distributed thanks to electronic devices. The electronic system has many clear advantages and also makes it easier to start the engine in winter.

7 - ignition coils;

8 - spark plugs;

Magneto is a magnetoelectric machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. This magneto M-151 is a double-spark left-hand rotation with a starting accelerator, produced by KZATE, Samara. The cost of selling a product depends directly on the input price for the enterprise. Currently, the M151 magneto has been discontinued, but despite this it has high consumer demand. Magneto M-151 ceased production in 1985 (USSR period), it was replaced by electronic magneto M137A and later (after magneto M137A was discontinued) magneto 1302.3728 came in, manufactured according to TU 37.460.076-90.

Our range includes such services as repairs. Repairing an M-151 magneto takes several days, and the cost will pleasantly surprise any owner of a failed product. Used on engines UD-15 and mod. UD-25 and mod; SK-6, SK-12; PD-15; DU-54, AB-4 petrol unit, T-012 minitractor, as well as for motor pumps from 125 cubic meters per hour and above.

Magneto M-151 has remote and push terminals for turning on the ignition. The case is made in a dust-proof design. The magneto assembly with the starting accelerator provides a retardation angle of 30°+10° along the magneto rotor shaft. It is mounted on the engine using a flange with three studs. You can order the M151 magneto at any time since we always try to keep this item in stock in sufficient quantity. Delivery throughout Ukraine is carried out by transport companies in the shortest possible time. To order, contact us via the return order form or by calling the numbers listed in the contacts section. Of course, it’s up to you to buy a magneto M 151 or order its repair, but you should pay attention to the cost of both, which is quite important in the current economic conditions.

We accept any M 151 magneto in any condition for repair. Unfortunately, the ignition coil itself for the M151 magneto as a separate unit is currently not sold separately. The photo of magneto M151 posted on our website is unique and original. We would be grateful for placing backlinks to our site.

Magneto M-151

We offer magneto M151 for sale. Magneto M-151 2-pin is installed on gasoline engines UD15, UD25. We will repair your magneto. We offer magnetos of various brands and models. In particular, the M151 magneto is usually always in stock.

Magnetoelectric machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Currently used in ignition systems for internal combustion engines

In internal combustion engines, the magneto provides a pulse of electrical current to the spark plugs in some gasoline internal combustion engines that do not use batteries. These engines are usually four-stroke or two-stroke engines, which are used in mopeds, lawn mowers and chain saws. On airplanes, each cylinder usually has two spark plugs connected to a separate magneto. This design creates redundancy in the event of a magneto failure, and two sparks ensure more complete and efficient combustion of the fuel mixture.

Figure 1. Magneto M-151 design

There is such a description of the ignition system and the ignition of the mixture in the combustion chamber is carried out by spark plug 1 from high voltage magneto 6 (Fig. 1). The applications and names of such magnetos as M-151, M-137 and M-149 (M-149A, M-149A1) are often confused. So the M-137 magneto is single-spark and is installed on the UD-15 engine (Fig. 2), in turn, the M-151 magneto is double-spark, special with remote and push terminals for turning off the ignition, dust-proof, left-hand rotation with a starting accelerator and is installed on UD-25 engine. There is also such a magneto as Magneto M-149 (M-149A, M-149A1), this magneto is installed on heavy tractors T-130, T-170, B10M. The M-149A1 magneto is two-contact, but despite this, the M-151 and M-149 magnetos are not interchangeable, so the clock frequency of the contacts is different, and accordingly the pulse synchronization is different.

The magneto assembly with the starting accelerator provides a retardation angle of 30°+10° along the magneto rotor shaft. The magneto is attached to the engine by a flange with three studs.

Structurally, the M-151 magneto consists of the following main components:

• frame,
• rotor,
• lid,
• transformer,
• breaker plate,
• casing with distributor,
• starting accelerator.

Detailed description of magneto M-151.

The housing is cast from a zinc alloy, the pole shoes are cast into it, and inside the housing there is a bore into which the outer ring of the ball bearing is pressed. Push and remote ignition switch terminals are mounted on the housing. The starting accelerator stop is screwed into the housing from the flange side. The rotor is designed to create and change (as it rotates) the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the pole pieces of the housing and the core of the transformer. The rotor consists of a roller and a package of lamellas pressed onto a magnet. The shaft and magneto with lamellas are fastened by filling with zinc alloy. The rotor shaft has a cone for seating the starting accelerator. The cover is cast from a zinc alloy, it has a bore into which the outer ring of the ball bearing is pressed, a breaker plate, a capacitor, a large gear with an axis and a spark gap are mounted in the cover. There is a drain hole at the bottom of the cover. The transformer is designed to create high voltage when the magneto rotor rotates; it consists of a core assembled from individual electrical steel plates, as well as primary and secondary windings. The ends of the transformers are protected with getinax cheeks, on which brass washers are fastened. The end of the primary winding is soldered to one of the washers. The breaker plate is used to mount the breaker lever of the contact post and the cam lubrication fillet. Housing with distributor. The casing is cast from zinc alloy and serves as a shield for the high voltage distributor. The casing has two ventilation windows. The distributor is made of press material and serves to distribute high voltage to the engine spark plugs.

The starting accelerator is designed

- to communicate to the magneto rotor a high speed of rotation in separate impulses when starting the engine and thus ensuring that during slow rotation of the engine crankshaft there is a sufficiently strong spark from the magneto;

To ensure retardation of ignition timing when starting the engine.

The starting accelerator consists of the following main parts:

a) dog holder with one dog. The dog holder bushing has one keyway for mounting the starting accelerator on the magneto rotor key.

b) housings with pins and a spring.

The magneto is driven from the regulator gear using an intermediate clutch. At the customer's request, shielding is installed on parts of the engine ignition system to suppress radio interference. The magneto assembly with the starting accelerator provides a retardation angle of 30°+10° along the magneto rotor shaft.

Figure - 2. Magneto M-137A single-spark with a left-hand rotation accelerator

1 – breaker cover; 2 – cam; 3 – ball bearing; 4 – cover; 5 – contact with the spring; 6 – transformer; 7 – body; 8 – rotor; 9 – starting accelerator; 10 – breaker; 11 – ignition switch off button.

Figure - 3. Magneto M-151 double-spark with starting accelerator

1 – body; 2 – rotor; 3 – transformer; 4 – cover; 5 – casing with distributor; 6 – starting accelerator; 7 – breaker plate; 8 – ignition switch button

Figure - 4. Magneto M-149 double-spark with starting accelerator

1) – Breaker lever with contact; 2) – Stand; 3) – Breaker base; 4) – Fixed contact; 5) – Cam; 6) – Filz; 7) – Eccentric; 8) – Spiral spring; 9) – Dog holder; 10) – Transformer; 11) – Capacitor; 12) – Additional high voltage output; 13) – Screen cover; 14) – Screen; 15) – Runner; 16) – Distributor cover; 17) – Breaker plate; 18) – Magneto housing cover; 19) – Rotor; 20) – Magneto housing; 21) – Start accelerator.

Magneto is a magnetoelectric alternating current generator that creates electrical discharges between the electrodes of the spark plug to ignite the working mixture in the cylinders of internal combustion engines.

The operation of a magneto is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

The essence of induction is as follows: when a magnetic field is crossed by a closed conductor, an electric current arises in this conductor. When electric current passes through a conductor, a magnetic field is created around that conductor.

Magnetic field is the space around a magnet in which magnetic lines of force (or magnetic flux) pass. These lines are located denser between the poles of the magnet.

Alternating current can be excited in a conductor by rapidly changing the direction of the magnetic flux crossing it, for example, by turning a magnet around a wire coil. The operation of a magneto with a rotating magnet is based on this principle.

As the magnet rotates, the magnetic flux passing through the rod changes in magnitude and direction; As a result, an electric current arises in the winding, first in one direction and then in the other.

The capacitor serves to improve the operation of the magneto. With a capacitor, a strong spark is formed, without it, a weak spark is formed.

A capacitor is connected in parallel with the breaker contacts in order to reduce the sparking that occurs when the primary current is interrupted at the breaker contacts.

How does a magneto work?

When the magnet rotates, it excites a current in the primary winding, which is short-circuited by the contacts of the breaker.

When the current in the primary circuit reaches its maximum, the breaker contacts open. Because of this, the primary current is instantly interrupted. The magnetic field that was created by the primary current also disappears. This sudden change in the magnetic field excites a high voltage current in the secondary circuit, which can break the gap between the electrodes of the corresponding spark plug. Further rotation of the magneto rotor causes the formation of a new spark, etc.

How to check the technical condition of the magneto?

During everyday operation, the functionality of the magneto can be checked as follows: connect the high-voltage wire to the high-voltage terminal and hold the other end of the wire at a distance of 5-7 mm from the magneto body, sharply turn the rotor in the direction of rotation. In this case, a correctly assembled and adjusted magneto, when the rotor is sharply turned, should give a spark that ensures breakdown of the above gap. If there is no spark or it is weak, check the serviceability of the magneto and wire insulation.

SPECIFIC MALFUNCTIONS AND METHODS OF THEIR ELIMINATION

Disassembly and side magneto.
- remove the magneto from the engine;
- clean it of dust and oil and disassemble it in the following order:
- use a socket wrench to unscrew the nut securing the ignition timing device, remove it and remove the key from the groove;

- unscrew the four screws securing the cover, remove the cover;
- remove the magneto rotor from the housing;
- unscrew the transformer mounting pins and remove the transformer from the housing.

Reassemble the magneto in reverse order.

To replace the breaker contacts, proceed as follows:

Move the latch aside and remove the breaker cover;
- unscrew the screw securing the connecting conductor;
- unscrew the screw securing the breaker plate to the magneto cover, remove the breaker plate;
- unscrew the screw securing the breaker spring;
- remove the lock washer from the lever cushion axis, remove the assembled lever with the cushion from the axis;
- unscrew the screw securing the contact post, remove the contact post from the axis.

Reassemble the breaker in the reverse order.

Luck with searching! But it’s easier to replace the magneto with a new one or send it to the service department (if there is a warranty, this can be done for free).

Magneto Electronic non-contact magneto MB-1:
1 - flywheel of the Ural chainsaw (two pairs of permanent magnets are visible)
2 - flywheel of the Druzhba chainsaw (the blades of the centrifugal fan are visible)
3 - generator coil
4 - mark for setting the ignition timing
5 - capacitor
6 - high voltage coil
7 - control coil
8 - electronic circuit (filled with epoxy resin)
9 - if this wire is connected to ground with a button, the engine will stop
10 - high voltage wire
11 - spark plug tip
12 - spark plug

Magneto- a magnetoelectric machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Currently, it is sometimes used in ignition systems for internal combustion engines. In telephony it is usually called an inductor.

Not every generator is called a “magneto”. This name applies only to generators in internal combustion engines:

1. excited by a permanent magnet and
2. combined in one product with an ignition coil.

The magneto magnetic system can be common to the emf generator. and ignition coils.

Often the spark plug is the only load on the magneto.

Design and operation

Magneto is a specialized alternating current generator excited by a rotating permanent magnet (magnetic rotor or armature).

An automobile magneto has low and high voltage windings. The breaker contacts and a capacitor (~0.1 µF) are connected in parallel with the low voltage (LV) winding; the leads of the high voltage winding (HV) are connected one to the housing, the other to the spark plug. All windings are wound on a yoke (core) and look like one large coil on a U-shaped core; between the poles of the core there is a longitudinally magnetized rotating magnet (telephone and mine-explosive (KPM) inductors are designed differently, but the principle of operation is the same). A low voltage winding can act as part of the high voltage winding, that is, an autotransformer design is possible, this allows you to reduce the number of turns of the high voltage winding.

In internal combustion engines

The magneto provides a pulse of electrical current to the spark plugs in some gasoline internal combustion engines that do not use batteries. Such engines are usually four-stroke or two-stroke engines, which are used in mopeds, lawn mowers and chainsaws. The Maybach carburetor engines that drove the Panzerwaffe tanks of World War II had a magneto ignition system.

In piston aircraft engines, each cylinder usually has two spark plugs connected to separate magnetos. This design creates redundancy in the event of a magneto failure, and two sparks ensure more complete and efficient combustion of the fuel mixture.

see also

Robert Bosch - German engineer. The owner of the company, which in the city developed the first patented magneto ignition system based on a device not patented by Deutz.

Links

Wikimedia Foundation.

Synonyms

See what "Magneto" is in other dictionaries: MAGNETO, a machine that converts mechanical energy into high voltage alternating electric current. Magneto are used where the use of batteries is impractical, for example, in the ignition system of small motorcycle engines operating...

Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary magneto - uncl., cf. magneto m. specialist. A high-voltage electric generator used to produce a spark that ignites the working mixture in the cylinders of internal combustion engines. BAS 1. Spirin opened the engine hood and checked whether it had bounced off... ...

Magnetoelectric alternating current generator that creates electrical discharges between the electrodes of the spark plug to ignite the working mixture in the cylinders of internal combustion engines... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Magneton, a; R. pl. ov (unit of magnetic moment in atomic and nuclear physics) ... Russian word stress

MAGNETO, uncl., cf. (those.). An electromagnetic device in internal combustion engines that serves to generate a spark that ignites the combustible mixture. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 … Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

MAGNETO, uncl., cf. (specialist.). A device for generating electrical discharges for the purpose of igniting a combustible mixture in the cylinders of internal combustion engines. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

- (Magneto) a small machine that serves both to receive electric current and usually to convert it into high voltage current, which is supplied to the spark plug of an internal combustion engine to form a spark that explodes the combustible mixture. M... Marine Dictionary

Noun, number of synonyms: 2 generator (63) Magdino (1) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Synonym dictionary

Magneto operating principle

A magneto is an alternating current device (excited by permanent magnets), which combines a current source, a transformer, a chopper and a distributor.

According to their design, magnetos are divided into the following main types:

1) with a stationary magnet and a rotating winding;

2) with a rotating permanent magnet and a stationary winding;

3) with a rotating magnetic commutator in which the magnet and windings are stationary.

Magneto with a rotating magnet (Fig. 45) is used more often than other types, since they have a simpler design due to the absence of sliding contacts.

The magnetic flux of the magneto is closed through the iron core 5, on which the primary 3 and secondary 4 windings are located. When rotor 6 rotates, the magnetic flux created by the current in the primary winding will change both in magnitude and direction.

A changing magnetic flux induces e. d.s. in both windings of the core (rotation emf). E.m.f. rotation will reach a maximum at the moments of the highest rate of change in the magnetic flux (2 times per revolution of a two-pole magnet). E.m.f. rotation in the primary winding of the core at high speeds reaches 50-100 V, and in the secondary winding 2000-3000 V. However, such e. d.s. clearly insufficient to form a spark in the spark plug; in addition, the spark it creates would not always jump at exactly the same given moment.

Rice. 45. Schematic diagram of ignition from a magneto: 1 - capacitor; 2 - breaker; 3 - primary winding;

4-secondary winding; 5 - core; 6 - rotor; 7 - spark plug

To increase the secondary voltage and to be able to accurately ensure the moment of receiving a spark, a current breaker 2 is included in the primary circuit, the contacts of which close the primary circuit when e. d.s. in the primary winding is close to zero.

After closing the contacts e. d.s. in the primary winding begins to increase, this leads to an increase in the current in it for the period of rotation of the armature by 90°. The current in the primary winding reaches its greatest value when the rotor rotates at an angle slightly exceeding 90°, that is, with some delay from the maximum value of e. d.s. idle move. When the breaker contacts open, the current in the primary circuit quickly drops to zero, and the energy of the magnetic field of the primary winding is converted into the electrical energy of the spark on the spark plug 7. Thus, the working process of the magneto is divided into the following stages: excitation of low voltage alternating current in the primary winding, breaking of the primary circuit, stopping the flow of current into the primary circuit and excitation of current in the secondary circuit, spark breakdown in the spark plug through the high voltage current distributor.

The primary circuit current of the ignition system from the magneto and the spark intensity increase with increasing rotor speed. However, at high rotor speeds, this current will not increase, which is explained by a significant increase in the inductive reactance of the winding with increasing current frequency.