The world's largest Belaz. BelAZ dump trucks: Belarusian giants Dimensions and uniqueness
The direct purpose of the BELAZ 75600 vehicle with a carrying capacity of 320 tons is work in quarries, such as coal mines in the Kemerovo region.
The operation of new trucks for coal mining at these enterprises has made it possible to significantly reduce the cost of its transportation. By the way, one of the open-pit mines became the first customer of the new model of the Belarusian Automobile Plant, located in the city of Zhodino.
BELAZ 7560 is one of the largest trucks in the world
According to some estimates, only about a hundred units of vehicles of this class have been produced worldwide, and now their ranks have been replenished with BelAZ products. Let's get to know the giant better.
Power plant and its characteristics
The truck is equipped with a CUMMINS QSK78-C diesel engine with a power of 3500 horsepower at 2000 rpm with an air starting system. The engine displacement is “only” 78 liters. The cooling system with a switchable impeller allows the vehicle to be used both in hot climates and at low ambient temperatures.
Full-flow oil filtration in a lubrication system with four oil pumps ensures its reliable cleaning and supply to all rubbing parts. The engine is equipped with electronic control systems, which minimizes human participation in controlling its operating modes.
Interestingly, an engine of this size and power consumes relatively little fuel. The fuel consumption of the BELAZ 75600 is 201 grams per 1 kilowatt of power, and the capacity of the fuel tank allows the machine to operate for sixteen hours.
Engine BELAZ Cummins QSK-78. This monster weighs 11300 kg.
The diesel engine drives a traction generator, which has a power of 2536 kilowatts, and is designed to power two electric motors manufactured by Siemens, each with a power of 1200 kilowatts. The engines transmit power to the rear wheels, which are equipped with tubeless radial tires with a seat size of 64 inches.
Chassis of the BELAZ 75600 mining dump truck
The frame of the machine is of a spatial design; sheet parts made of high-strength alloy steel are used for its manufacture. In places of greatest concentration of loads, designers introduced elements made by casting, this made it possible to achieve high performance characteristics of the product.
The dump truck is made according to the classic formula - 4 wheels, two of which are driving. The short wheelbase of the vehicle provides it with sufficient maneuverability, despite its solid overall dimensions: length 14900, width 9250 and height 7220 millimeters. With such dimensions, the car is capable of turning around on an area measuring 33.2 meters.
For the dependent suspension of the front axle, a pneumatic-hydraulic scheme is chosen; the rear axle suspension uses trailing arms and a central hinge. This scheme ensures ease of control of the machine and its high stability. Compared to foreign analogues, the dynamic workload of the driver is reduced by 2 to 4 times.
The car's brake system is dual-circuit hydraulic. The parking brake is also hydraulically actuated and brakes the rear axle. Traction electric motors are also involved in the braking system; they switch to generator mode and supply energy to cooled braking resistors. The parking brake and any of the serviceable service brake circuits are used as an emergency brake.
The truck body can accommodate 139 “cubes” of rock when loaded normally, although 200 can be loaded if desired. To protect the cab during loading, a massive safety visor is provided on the body, thereby increasing driver safety.
The cabin is designed for two people and is equipped in accordance with all ergonomic requirements. To ensure normal visibility, the driver has a video motion control system that provides rear and side visibility.
The characteristics of the BELAZ 75600 allow the model to successfully compete with leading manufacturers of mining dump trucks.
BELAZ 7560 series – modifications
This series of dump trucks, in addition to the 75600 with the QSK 78-C engine, includes two more vehicles that differ from each other in load capacity and power plants. Let's look briefly at each of them.
Model BELAZ 75601
Capable of transporting from 320 to 360 tons of cargo. The car is equipped with an MTU 20V400 engine with a power of 2800 kilowatts, which rotates the KATO generator. Motor-wheel units are combinations of an electric motor and a planetary double-row gearbox, built into the rear wheels, which are shod with 59/80R63 tires. The total weight of the vehicle can reach 610 tons with a cargo volume of 218 cubic meters. At the same time, the car can accelerate to 64 km/h.
Model BELAZ 75602
The largest BELAZ in the series - with the same data as the previous vehicle, it is designed for 360 tons of cargo. In principle, this is the same machine as its predecessor, but it uses 1TB330-2GA03 traction motors, which allow it to carry increased weight.
With the increased power and carrying capacity of the new vehicles, the designers managed to achieve slightly reduced fuel consumption compared to the first-born of the series. Now dump trucks consume only 198 grams per kilowatt per hour.
Manufacturers claim that they have built the largest BELAZ in the world, well, in the model range of the plant it is indeed the largest, but one can argue about “in the world”. After all, among similar trucks there are absolutely monsters with a carrying capacity of up to 500 tons, and this is not the limit.
When you see the BELAZ-75710, the question immediately arises: why? Why do we need such a huge dump truck, which doesn’t seem to be big enough to turn around? Maybe it’s easier to transport cargo on two smaller trucks (for example, BELAZ-7530 with a carrying capacity of 200–220 tons) instead of one monster capable of carrying 450 tons at a time? No, such a dump truck could not have appeared just like that; its creators do not suffer from gigantomania, but want to satisfy the needs of customers. And if one of the holding’s clients wanted to get such a machine for their quarry in the Kemerovo region, then they need to build it. In 2013, the first BELAZ-75710 was born. We will tell you later how such BELAZs are made; this process is almost as interesting as the finished product. In the meantime, we’ll shock you a little with the numbers. So, use your imagination.
The height of the BELAZ-75710 is 8.17 meters (this is greater than the height of the second floor of a typical house), the width is 9.75 meters (the “Lunokhod bus” is only 78 centimeters longer), the length is 20.6 meters (this is almost two 677- X). The load capacity, as I already said, is 450 tons, but in 2014, during testing, this dump truck transported a little more than five hundred tons of cargo. The curb weight of the vehicle is also impressive - 360 tons, respectively, the total weight can reach 810 tons.
Maximum speed:
Despite its huge dimensions, one cannot dare to call this colossus clumsy: the turning radius is only 45 meters. Maximum torque – 9,313 Nm. But MTU diesel engines are needed here not to turn the gearbox shaft, but to generate electricity - BELAZ has no trace of a gearbox, but the dump truck is driven by traction electric motors. So the world's largest dump truck is a hybrid. We calmly go under the car and see how it all works.
What progress has come!
To be honest, being under BELAZ is not very comfortable; you feel like Gulliver in the land of giants. A person, even not the smallest one, seems fragile and somehow very unreliable in comparison with a career giant. But put shyness aside and look at the car from below.
Let's say it straight:
No one fought for millimeters of space in the engine compartment here. Two huge MTU Detroit Diesel 16V4000 diesel engines are located transversely. The power of each is 1,715 kW, which is almost 2,332 hp. With. (or 4,664 in total). It would seem that you can ride and never know grief, but no, that’s not enough. These two motors, each with a working volume of 65 liters, are needed to ensure the operation of generators that generate current for the traction motors. In addition to generators, diesel engines also power hydraulic systems.
Turning radius:
Each diesel engine works in tandem with its own generator, and all systems that ensure the operation of the engines are independent for each unit. Sometimes you can hear that, without load, this BELAZ runs on only one engine to save fuel, and the second diesel engine comes into operation only when necessary. This is wrong. Purely theoretically, such a scheme is possible, but it has not yet been implemented by the plant. I say “for now” because it is still in the plans.
The generators produce alternating current for four electric motors mounted inside the wheel hubs. A combination of two generators and four engines is called a traction unit, but its manufacturer is not BELAZ, but the Siemens company (its corresponding brand is Siemens MMT500). Each of the electric motors has a power of 1,200 kW (1,630 hp), so the total power at the wheels reaches 6,520 hp. With. It's good that I don't have to pay tax on a car with such an engine!
Tires:
59/80R63 Bridgestone
Such a transmission is called electromechanical. In addition to all of the above, it includes a power control cabinet (we will see it on deck) and an UVTR braking unit. By the way, the brakes deserve a couple of separate words.
The brake mechanisms of all wheels are double-disc and have a hydraulic drive. But you can’t hold a loaded vehicle weighing more than eight hundred tons with such brakes alone, so BELAZ has another braking system - an electrodynamic one. Here the actuator is the same wheel electric motor. When this braking system operates, a huge amount of heat is generated, which must be removed somehow, so the design provides for forced air cooling of the braking resistors.
Of course, there is also a parking brake. It is a regular disk one.
As I already said, the electromechanical transmission for the BELAZ-75710 is made by Siemens. But now negotiations are underway with the Russian Power Machines LLC, so it is likely that in the future the transmission will come from St. Petersburg, as on machines with a carrying capacity of 90–220 tons. But let's get back to the inspection.
BELAZ is standardly equipped with wheel chocks, which are attached in front of the front wheels.
The basic configuration also includes pre-heaters, of which there are also two – according to the number of diesel engines.
Part of the fire protection is also visible from below.
First of all, it reacts to rising temperatures in the engine compartments, but sensors are also located inside the wheels, next to the traction motors.
BELAZ is equipped with two fuel tanks of 2,500 liters each. Specific fuel consumption – 198 g/kW*h.
To service the fuel system, there are even separate stairs leading to the tanks - they can be seen from the side. No matter how fantastic a machine this dump truck is, it needs to change filters and refuel it periodically, and there’s nothing to do without a ladder.
One of the most interesting mechanisms is, perhaps, the chassis of a dump truck. Strictly speaking, it is dependent pneumohydraulic with a built-in hydraulic shock absorber.
Thanks to anti-roll bars, the dump truck barely rolls under load, maintaining a very smooth ride. There is nitrogen and oil inside the giant shock absorbers you can see in the photos.
And only the most attentive will notice one more feature: the front and rear axles are absolutely identical. The question arises: how does this colossus turn? There are no king pins or ball joints... Yes, because both axles on the BELAZ-75710 are steerable. Two cylinders here play the role of a kind of steering rods (exaggerated, of course, but understandable), but otherwise the steering is almost traditional, hydraulic volumetric, with a regular steering column in the cockpit. By the way, the design provides for the presence of pneumatic hydraulic accumulators - these are the safety requirements.
Total power at wheels:
It’s impossible not to say a few kind words about the tires of this dump truck. Tire size – 59/80R63. Now its main supplier is Bridgestone. For lighter cars, the choice of manufacturer is not so clear, although it is also very limited. Actually, the engineers of the Belarusian holding can build an even crazier car, everything is limited just by tires and... common sense, probably. In general, God forbid that these wheels should be re-aligned again, so the developers tried to make the traction motors in such a way that their repair and maintenance are possible without removing the wheels. This is very important, especially for those who will operate these dump trucks. It is impossible to remove a wheel without a crane, and each simple operation costs a lot of money.
Now let's go up to the deck - this is what they call the platform on the “second floor” next to the driver’s cabin (the driver, by the way, is called an operator here, although this does not change the essence of the matter).
Higher and higher and higher!..
Of course, I had to climb up a ladder into the cab of the truck. But this is, of course, the first time, with two spans and a platform between them.
It’s strange, but it is here, on the steps, that the size is felt most of all. On the site we walk along eight round elements, which from a distance can be mistakenly taken for headlights covered with some kind of plugs.
In fact, these are air filters.
Having walked along them, we climb the second flight and find ourselves on the deck.
We’ll leave the cabin “for dessert” while we look at everything else.
The metal cabinet, oddly enough, is called a cabinet - a power control cabinet. The “brain” of the electrics is hidden here, its most important part – the electromechanical transmission.
To the left of the cabinet is the already mentioned system of forced air cooling of the braking resistors.
Directly behind the cab are parts of the integrated hydraulic system (steering, braking system and tipping mechanism).
And almost in the middle of the deck, right from its surface, another container sticks out. This is the “top” of the expansion tank. The cooling system is designed in such a way that the tank cannot stand lower than any of its elements, which is why it is installed so high.
On the rear wall of the cabin there are radiators and cabin air conditioning fans. The rear-view mirrors, which seem small from a distance, turn out to be not much smaller than the one hanging in the hallway at home. We are talking specifically about the left mirror; on the right it is much smaller. After walking around the deck, enjoying our own insignificance and the greatness of the truck, we open the door to the cabin.
The doors open against the direction of travel. This makes a certain sense: it’s more convenient to sit in the driver’s seat, and also for the passenger.
So, let's look at the panel and controls.
It seems that everything is quite standard, but there is a certain dissonance: how can a gear selector and three pedals on the floor coexist? Firstly, let us remember that there is no checkpoint here in principle. There is no box, but there is a selector: you need to somehow set the direction of movement. To the right of it is the body control.
So, why the third pedal? And this is another brake pedal. In the center, as expected, there is a conventional hydraulic brake pedal, and instead of a clutch lever there is an electrodynamic brake pedal. Of course, I would like to press all this, but I can’t - even with cargo category “C”, no one will allow you to get behind the wheel of this dump truck without a special BELAZ operator’s license, neither the plant’s representatives nor the instinct of self-preservation. Therefore, we sigh bitterly and look further.
The steering wheel is ordinary, and the steering column switches are exactly the same as on thousands of other cars, it’s even a shame. But, of course, it’s convenient: the more intuitive the controls, the better.
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The key block to the left of the steering wheel is needed to control all BELAZ lighting equipment. By the way, did you notice that our dump truck has no headlights? Yes, they are not installed at the factory at all: to deliver the car to the customer after inspection, it still needs to be disassembled, so there is no point in attaching optics. It is checked during the assembly process and immediately removed.
Using the buttons on the right, the operator controls the transmission, diesel engines, heated windows and windshield wipers. There is also a heating and air conditioning control unit. Where are the instruments?
Let's start with the fact that even with all the desire, falcon vision and the ability to turn your head 360 degrees, it is still impossible to see the dimensions of the dump truck. And driving this monster into another vehicle or obstacle is oh so dangerous (primarily for other equipment and obstacles), so the BELAZ-75710 is standardly equipped with a high-voltage line approach alarm device and a video surveillance system. All information and a video review image are displayed on the central screen. That is, there are no ordinary pointer instruments on BELAZ, it simply does not need them.
In general, the cabin does not look very rich, and the materials used are far from sophisticated. However, why does a dump truck need leather, wood or even soft plastic? All this philistinism is alien to him, like a canary in a cage to a proletarian.
... And a few more facts
The weight distribution of the dump truck is designed so that the load on each of the eight wheels is absolutely the same. But the suspension travel of a mining dump truck is very small, and if the driver sees any significant obstacle in front of him, he will not climb headlong into it, but will call a bulldozer - the quarry soil must be prepared for the movement of such a vehicle.
The dump truck is standardly equipped not only with an automatic fire extinguishing system, but also with a tire pressure monitoring system, a loading control system and a centralized automatic lubrication system. The electrodynamic braking system not only saves the life of the pads, but is also capable of responding very quickly to braking: the transition from full traction mode to braking mode takes less than a second. Well, the absence of a classic gearbox allows acceleration to be absolutely uniform and without interruptions for gear changes.
Not only is it easier and safer to accelerate a car with an electromechanical transmission, but there is practically nothing to break: no rubbing parts - no breakdowns or wear. They say that BELAZ trucks are capable of driving at least 900 thousand kilometers in a quarry, but in reality they serve more than a million. In fact, the service life of such machines is calculated in engine hours, and not in kilometers, but it’s nice that something in this world can still be called a real “millionaire”. Well, the last thing, without which a review cannot be a review: the maximum speed of the dump truck is 64 km/h. Slowly but surely. Very true.
We thank the Stark Group of Companies for their assistance in preparing the material
In September 2013, a rather interesting event occurred: the Guinness World Record for the “world’s largest car” was broken. Moreover, the record holder was BelAZ, known to all our compatriots. There is hardly a person who has not heard about this truck. Most boys have dreamed of riding this monster at least once in their lives. And now BelAZ has received the title of the largest truck. In the near future, the BelAZ-75710 will be included in the “world’s largest car” section of the Guinness Book of Records. OJSC "Belarusian Automobile Plant" is the only manufacturer of quarry and mining equipment in the CIS and one of the largest in the world. The company produces lifting capacity of 30-450 tons, equipment for supporting production cycles in quarries, bulldozers, machines designed for underground work, airfield tractors, as well as loaders. Let's take a closer look at what kind of car this is.
The presentation of the new one took place on September 25, 2013. At the test site, the guests were shown the new BelAZ-75710 model. The carrying capacity of this vehicle was 450 tons, which exceeds the capabilities of its closest competitors - the Swiss and BelAZ-75601 - by 90 tons. Until recently, these trucks shared the championship - they were the largest cars in the world (the photo below will help the reader form his opinion about such monsters of the automotive industry).
The vehicle has a total weight of 810 tons. The energy source is two power units (diesels) with a total capacity of 8500 hp. With. This truck implements a rather interesting engineering solution - the torque from diesel engines is not transmitted directly to the wheels of the car, but is transmitted to electric motors rotating the wheels. So the new BelAZ is consistent. It is equipped with a combined hydraulic system: for steering, braking system and body tipping mechanism. in the world has eight wheels, which are “shod” in radial tubeless pneumatic tires from Michelin. The maximum speed of the mining dump truck is 64 km/h, which, considering the weight of the vehicle, is quite acceptable.
It is noteworthy that the world's largest car has a list of equipment that will be the envy of car drivers. The record-breaking truck is equipped with air conditioning, an adjustable driver's seat, blind spot monitoring systems, fire extinguishing systems, an alarm when the dump truck approaches high-voltage power lines, and so on. The car meets the standard requirements for the level of vibration, noise, air dust, as well as the concentration of harmful substances.
To summarize, we note that the largest vehicle in the world is designed to transport rock masses in very difficult mining conditions of open-pit mining, along dirt roads, in different climatic conditions at air temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees Celsius.
The Belarusian Automobile Plant, producing a wide range of machines necessary for the performance of work by enterprises in the mining and processing industries, is one of the best among the world's manufacturers of quarry equipment. Today, no enterprise in the world can boast of such a wide range of mining dump trucks as BelAZ has. And just six months ago, on September 25, 2013, a presentation of the new 450-ton giant BelAZ 75710 mining dump truck took place at a test site specially prepared for these purposes.
In January 2014, a record was set, thanks to which the plant in Belarus should once again appear in the Guinness Book of Records - the new product moved across the territory allocated for testing with a load of 503.5 tons! This event completely changed the situation on the world market, because BelAZ, having produced the largest dump truck in the world, left not far, but still behind its main competitors - Liebherr, Caterpillar and Terex. Well, the plant, which is the pride of the former USSR, has once again proven that the special equipment it produces fully complies with the latest requirements and trends emerging in the mining industry, and the designers do not intend to stop there.
Construction of new workshops occupying an area of about 30 thousand square meters. meters, and the active increase in production rates, which has been carried out over recent years, will allow in the near future to increase the production capacity of the enterprise. The plant's management plans to deploy almost 700 new machines and technological installations for specialized purposes in the shortest possible time. The developed development program is being successfully implemented, thanks to which the plant, which has won almost a third of the world market for mining dump trucks, is one of the seven largest world-famous manufacturers.
The new BelAZ 75710 continues the line of mining dump trucks of the Belarusian manufacturer
Of course, the largest BelAZ 75710 will become an important milestone in the history of the plant, which dates back more than half a century. After all, since 1958, when the first 25-ton model of the MAZ-525 dump truck was assembled in its workshops under license, the enterprise has produced more than 120 thousand special equipment vehicles, which are successfully operated throughout the post-Soviet space, and are also exported to many countries around the world. Some models are unique, having only a couple of similar copies produced by other manufacturers.
New products from the Belarusian automobile industry were not long in coming. With a difference of several years, 40-ton and then 75-ton samples were created. In the 70s, the carrying capacity of BelAZ trucks increased significantly - new basic dump trucks became 110-ton. At the end of the 70s, the plant in Zhodino opened a new direction for itself, starting to produce airfield tractors capable of towing 100-ton aircraft. The year 1982 was marked by the appearance of the 170-ton BelAZ-75211 dump truck, and in 1990, another brainchild of Belarusian automakers with a carrying capacity of 280 tons amazed everyone. No one produced such giants on the territory of the USSR.
Despite the collapse of the USSR in the early nineties and a significant reduction in production volumes, the main engineering enterprise in Belarus continued to produce the entire line of mining dump trucks, both small (from 30 tons) and high-capacity (up to 220 tons). In addition, the plant expanded the boundaries of its production, launching the production of machines for road construction work, loaders, bulldozers, etc. The range of equipment that rolled off the factory assembly line was constantly replenished with new products and improved, just as production technologies were improved.
First in its class. The only one in the world.
And so, a grandiose event was dedicated to the 65th anniversary of our native plant. A unique specimen of its kind was presented to a crowd of admiring spectators - a BelAZ 75710 dump truck with impressive technical characteristics and truly enormous capabilities. The main purpose of this Belarusian giant is to transport loosened rock mass, both in the territories of deep quarries and in those areas where mining of mineral deposits is carried out by open-pit mining. The operating conditions of the equipment do not matter: dump trucks of this class cope with the most difficult tasks, both in 50° frost and in 50° heat, fortunately, all conditions for comfortable work have been created for the operator.
Among mining dump trucks with particularly high payload capacity, BelAZ, capable of transporting 450 tons of cargo, is so far the only one. The 400-ton Terex MT 6300AC, created several years ago, lost the palm. By the way, even earlier, the BelAZ 75601 dump truck model, designed to perform complex work in quarries, with a lifting capacity of 360 tons, competed with the lighter models Terex MT 5500 (326 tons), Caterpillar 797B (380 tons) and Liebherr T282B (363 tons).
If it’s hard to imagine how huge this masterpiece of Belarusian automakers is, then just think that this model is equivalent to three hundred Ford Focus cars, 37 double-decker buses or 2.5 blue whales - the largest animals that, according to scientists, have ever lived on Earth . The BelAZ 75710 is three times larger than the largest passenger aircraft, the Airbus A380.
Fully loaded equipment weighs no more or less - 810 tons! Moreover, its dimensions exceed 20 meters in length, almost 10 meters in width, and about 8 meters in height. As for the turning circle of this vehicle, this figure is about 20 meters.
Impressive capabilities require appropriate technical equipment
Naturally, the production process of this heavy-duty truck was not complete without the use of the latest developments and innovative solutions. The two-axle all-wheel drive truck is powered by an electric traction drive manufactured by Siemens. The system consists of four traction electric motors with a power of 1200 kW and two traction generators. The main difference between the new model and previous generations is the presence of 8 wheels with Michelin tubeless tires, and the load on each of them is about 100 tons.
It is thanks to the new original drive that it was possible to achieve the optimal dynamic distribution of traction force along the axes of the vehicle. The designers also provided for the possibility of operating the dump truck in the so-called “emergency mode”. This means that if one of the drives turns out to be faulty, the equipment will be able to get to the repair facility on its own.
The efficient operation of the largest BelAZ in the world is ensured by two 16-cylinder diesel engines. Their total power is enormous - 8500 hp. The dump truck transmission is electromechanical. The maximum speed that this giant is capable of reaching reaches 64 km/h (of course, not when fully loaded).
The fuel consumption of the BelAZ 75710, according to available data, is impressive - about 300 liters in just one hour of operation. Fuel tank capacity is 4360 liters. Having carried out simple calculations, we get the following result - a fully fueled dump truck can operate for up to 14 hours.
The body of this dump truck is a welded structure made of high-alloy steel of heavy-duty quality. Its volume is designed for 6484 cubic meters of cargo. The cabin of this vehicle is designed for two people. When developing it, the designers took into account all current standards regarding the requirements for noise levels, vibration and the concentration of dust and harmful substances inside the cabin. According to the control indicators, the noise level is not higher than 80 dB, and the overall vibration level is not higher than 115 dB. Additional options that simplify the operator’s work include a blind spot monitoring system, air conditioning, an alarm system that is triggered when the dump truck approaches high-voltage transmission lines, and a modern fire extinguishing system. The cabin complies with the accepted ROPS safety system.
A mining dump truck of this class is in demand in the quarries of Kuzbass, Chile and North America. The price of BelAZ 75710, like its size, is huge - about 1,200,000 Euros. By the way, due to the growing demand for such machines from enterprises in the mining industry, the management of the plant in Zhodino plans to produce up to 1000 copies per year.
Photo of a giant mining dump truck
Let's start with the fact that today it is simply impossible to create mining equipment with such a high load capacity without the use of an electric transmission: the loads are too high, the torques transmitted from the engine to the wheels are quite high.
The 170-ton BelAZ-75211 was the main show-stopper of the grandiose Soviet exhibition AVTOPROM-84
That is why the current record holder has a similar transmission. Especially for the automotive giant, Siemens has developed an original AC traction electric drive (TED) system MMT500. This system includes four 1200 kW traction motors, two traction generators, three blowers, a braking resistor ventilation unit and a control cabinet with two ELFA inverters.
The project was implemented in a relatively short time: development from order to commissioning took less than two years. The new car was presented by the BelAZ plant at the end of 2013.
The “smallest” Zhodino dump truck with electric transmission, BelAZ-7555, has a load capacity of 55 tons.
The BelAZ-75710 dump truck is the first model in a new class with a particularly large load capacity (450 tons). The total mass of the giant reaches 810 tons. The length of the dump truck is more than 20 meters, the width is about 10 meters, and the height is over 8 meters. The turning diameter is about 20 meters. The power plant uses two MTU DD 16V4000 diesel engines, 1715 kW each. The maximum speed of the car can be up to 64 km/h. BelAZ-75710 is in demand in the mining industry and for work in coal deposits.
The 450-tonne BelAZ-75710 is the flagship of the world mining fleet and the most load-bearing dump truck in the world
For the first time, BelAZ began creating mining dump trucks with an electric transmission in the mid-1960s. So in February 1966, the Scientific and Technical Council of the USSR Ministry of Automotive Industry reviewed and approved the technical designs of the 65-ton BelAZ-549 dump truck and the BelAZ-549V-5275 road train created on its basis with a carrying capacity of 110–120 tons. The following year, production of the components necessary to create prototypes began.
From the memoirs of plant workers: “Since 1965, the chief designer’s department has been purposefully developing documentation for a BelAZ-549 dump truck with an electric transmission with a lifting capacity of 75 tons. The nature of the creation of a dump truck was significantly different from the development of vehicles with hydromechanical transmission.
The first prototype of the BelAZ-549 was equipped with an electromechanical transmission and an M-300 diesel engine with a power of 850 hp. With. Leningrad plant "Zvezda", a traction DC generator GPA-600 with a power of 630 kW and an inflatable block of braking resistors.
The 75-ton BelAZ-549 became the first dump truck from Zhodino to use an electric transmission. A technological miracle of the 1970s
Laboratory road tests of the prototype in 1969 were carried out at the plant. At the same time, the development of documentation was completed and a prototype of the BelAZ-549V-5275 road train with rear unloading 6x4 wheel arrangement with a load capacity of 120 tons was manufactured.
The tractor was equipped with a DC traction generator, but of greater power - 800 kW, traction motors of the same power 360 kW, but four of them: two on the rear wheels of the tractor and two for the wheels of the semi-trailer."
It should be noted that a 1200-horsepower gas turbine was used as a power plant on the BelAZ-549V-5275. Thanks to it, it was possible to significantly reduce weight, simplify the design, reduce the labor intensity of machine maintenance, ensure complete combustion of fuel, and thereby eliminate the need for complexly designed exhaust gas converters. However, the use of gas turbines was hampered by their higher fuel consumption than diesel engines.
The modern 130-ton BelAZ-75131 is one of the most popular models of the plant
Perhaps for this reason, the next coal-carrying road train - BelAZ-7420-9590 was a truck tractor based on the 75-ton BelAZ-549 with a semi-trailer with a capacity of 107 m3 and bottom unloading. The semi-trailer, like the tractor, was equipped with electric motor wheels borrowed from the tractor. At the same time, the Belaz workers will once again try to equip their dump truck with a gas turbine. This will be in 1975. The test subject will be the BelAZ-549G with a payload capacity of 75 tons and a gas turbine engine with a capacity of 1100 hp. With. Next, the plant began to systematically increase the production of both serial and experimental mining dump trucks with particularly heavy load capacity, equipped with an electric transmission. Thus, in 1977, the plant assembled the first two experimental BelAZ-7519 dump trucks with a lifting capacity of 110 tons. This model subsequently gave way to such serial vehicles as the BelAZ-7512 and BelAZ-75145 with a carrying capacity of 120 tons. By the way, the latter in 2001 was noted among the best goods of the Republic of Belarus sold in the Russian Federation.
The “intermediate” 110-ton segment was “covered” by BelAZ in 1989 with the model 7519
The year 1979 was marked by the production of a prototype BelAZ-7521 dump truck with a 12CHN21/21 engine with a load capacity of 180 tons. Four years later, in 1983, the enterprise will begin its serial production (BelAZ-75221, capacity 170 tons). In 1984, at the anniversary exhibition of the Soviet automobile industry, the dump truck will become the real “highlight” of the exhibition.
1990 was the year of birth of the unique BelAZ-75501 mining dump truck with a carrying capacity of 280 tons. The dump truck had an articulated frame, twin wheels on the front axle, and, of course, an electric transmission, with motor wheels on each “sparking pair.” A diesel engine from the Kolomna Diesel Locomotive Plant and a traction alternator were installed transversely on the dump truck.
130-tonne coal-carrying version with a platform of increased volume
However, the 200-ton mark is finally overcome by the serial BelAZ-7530 vehicles (1992). These are fourth generation dump trucks with the latest electronic control, regulation and diagnostic systems. In addition, for reasons of competitiveness, foreign-made diesel engines will be used on custom vehicles.
Today, the modernized heavy trucks of the 7530 family “take” 220 tons and are, perhaps, the most popular dump trucks in the world in their load capacity segment
BelAZ-7530D with a lifting capacity of 225 tons. Experiment with a lightweight platform of a new shape
The plant doesn't stop there. In 2005, by order of OJSC Kuzbassrazrezugol, an experimental BelAZ-75600 mining dump truck with a lifting capacity of 320 tons was manufactured. The machine is equipped with a 3500 hp diesel engine. With. and an electric AC transmission on 55/80R63 tires.
The 320-ton BelAZ-75600 appeared in 2005 and at that time was the flagship of the plant
Naturally, if BelAZ had not created all this in the past, it is unlikely that a new supergiant would have turned out now.
The 280-ton BelAZ-75501, built in 1990, became the heaviest BelAZ built during the existence of the USSR
180-ton BelAZ-75214 in the company of its brothers in the BelavtoMAZ association. 1992
