Fast charger. What is fast charging? Maximum output current
In what situations can you safely charge a gadget using a non-original charger, and when is it better not to risk it?
Nowadays, almost every home has several chargers: for a smartphone, tablet, player and other gadgets. In this regard, many users have a question: is it possible to use a non-native charger? What happens if you use a tablet charger for a smartphone? Why are Chinese analogues dangerous?
Our review article will try to answer all questions and dispel popular myths.
Types of chargers and connectors
First, you need to understand what types of chargers for smartphones and tablets we most often encounter in everyday life:
- MicroUSB Perhaps the most common connector used to power mobile devices. It is used by various manufacturers on smartphones and tablets running Android and Windows Phone software platforms.
- Lightning. A special 8-pin connector used by Apple in the iPhone, iPad Pro, iPad Mini, iPod Nano and iPod Touch lines.
- USB Type-C. A symmetrical connector allows us not to think about which side of the plug or cable needs to be inserted into the connector, and makes our life a little easier. In addition, USB Type-C provides higher data transfer and the ability to transmit power up to 100 W, which makes it convenient not only for smartphones and tablets, but also for larger devices - laptops or monitors. USB Type-C is already starting to come into fashion, and more and more mobile manufacturers are equipping gadgets with a new connector instead of microUSB. Details.
- Laptops. There is no single standard for laptop chargers yet (perhaps in the future it will be the universal USB Type-C), so different models use different connectors depending on the manufacturer.
Most mobile gadgets use the same connectors; most often they are MicroUSB and USB Type-C when it comes to Android smartphones and tablets. Sometimes situations arise when you simply don’t have the necessary charger at hand, but using a non-original power supply is not always safe.
Charger Specifications
First, you need to determine the main characteristics of any charger for a smartphone - we are talking about a power supply unit (adapter) that is plugged into an outlet. Depending on the battery capacity, type of device and other factors, charging blocks differ in their characteristics, which we should have studied in physics lessons.
Samsung tablet charger 2.0A
Each normal power adapter has certain markings indicating technical characteristics. It will come in handy if you have to constantly power your smartphone from a non-original/non-original charger.
Let’s make a reservation once again: if we are talking about isolated cases of using non-original devices, then nothing bad will happen. If you are going to use them constantly, be sure to study the article.
Manufacturers always leave their logo on power supplies, put various markers, certification and GOST badges, and also indicate really useful information:
- Electric current voltage range: usually 100-240V (volts).
- Frequency: on all our units 50-60Hz.
- Output is the main characteristic of the power adapter, usually looks like this (5.0V - 1.0A) or like this (5.0V - 2.0A).
Let's take a closer look at the last characteristic. 5.0V is a standard indicator, but the current value varies depending on the adapter and the gadget that it charges. Typically, the current on power supplies is 1.0A (for smartphones) or 2.0A (for tablets). There are cases when the current is, for example, 0.85A, 2.1A, 1.5A.
Sony smartphone charger 0.85A (850mA)
Non-original chargers
Charger with higher amperage. If the current exceeds that consumed by your gadget, nothing bad should happen. The fact is that the lithium-ion battery is equipped with a special protective board that prevents overcharge/overdischarge, and sometimes even short circuit. Moreover, modern smartphones are equipped with power controllers that do not allow them to accept more current than the battery needs.
Huawei smartphone charger 1.0A
Despite this protection, it is not advisable to charge the gadget from a power supply with a higher current rating (A), since experience and forums indicate that the phone gets very hot and the battery fails faster.
Lower current charger. Experts do not recommend using weaker charging. In this case, the battery will require more energy, which the charger cannot provide. This can lead to overheating of both the unit and the gadget, and sometimes even to a short circuit and fire.
Charger for ASUS Nexus 7 tablet at 2.0A
Charging from another manufacturer. Many users complain that when using a Chinese charger with the same amperage and voltage, the process takes longer than the original charger.
Charger for iPhone 5/5S 1.0A
The problem is that different mobile manufacturers do not have a generally accepted standard for coding the load capacity of the power supply. Because of this, a gadget of one brand does not always “understand” a charger manufactured at the factory of another company. In this case, the charging process is carried out in a safe mode of 500 mA (0.5A) and much slower, which can also lead to overheating. There are situations when the device does not recognize the cable connected to it as charging at all.
Conclusion. We recommend using a native charger or one officially compatible with it from a well-known manufacturer (you can select it on Yandex.Market). Of course, in unforeseen situations you can make an exception, but you should not do this regularly. Please also read and take note
With this article, our website continues a whole series of useful materials, the purpose of which is to make it easier to choose any product from the thousands of options offered on the market. Agree, choosing a specific model of a device always takes a lot of time, which can be spent usefully. In today's article we will talk about choosing portable charger .
A modern person carries around a huge number of mobile devices - a smartphone, tablet, laptop, camera... All of this constantly needs charging, and there is not always access to an outlet - especially if you go hiking. It is for such cases that special portable chargers have been invented - essentially huge batteries with various outputs for charging different devices. In recent years, their popularity has increased several times.
In the next section, we will talk about the main technical characteristics of portable chargers, and then present to your attention the 10 best models that you can find and purchase in our catalog.
Key Features You Should Pay Attention To
Capacity, mAh
The main characteristic of any battery is its capacity. The larger it is, the more energy the charger can transfer to a smartphone, tablet or other device.
For one or two full charges of the smartphone, a capacity of approximately 4000-5000 mAh is enough. To charge the tablet, you need a larger battery - for example, with a capacity of 10000-15000 mAh. The laptop will require even more - to charge it, it is better to buy a charger with a capacity of up to 20,000 mAh.
Maximum output current, A
The maximum output current of the battery affects the charging speed of various devices. It is worth remembering that the device receiving the energy must maintain the set current value, otherwise its battery will simply overheat and may even explode. Fortunately, modern electronics are usually smart enough to automatically reduce the current when necessary.
To charge a smartphone, a current of 1 A will be enough (flagships support faster charging), to charge a tablet - 1.5-2 A, to charge a laptop - 2 A or more. It all depends on the specific model - before purchasing a battery, be sure to find out what amperage your devices support.
Ability to charge two devices simultaneously
These words speak for themselves. A device that supports simultaneous charging of two devices will be useful for those who often use a smartphone and a tablet or a smartphone and a laptop - you do not have to alternate charging these devices.
Laptop charging capability
Only powerful and expensive chargers have this opportunity. Before purchasing, make sure you have a special adapter for your laptop!
Card reader
The built-in card reader is useful if you often charge the battery itself from a PC and use memory cards - an extra card reader will not take up another USB port.
Flashlight
The presence of a flashlight in a mobile battery allows you to use it without fear of draining the smartphone’s battery. Additionally, the flashlights in portable chargers are typically brighter than the LED flashes in phones.
Solar battery
The presence of a solar panel on the body of the device allows you to charge it from sunlight - useful if you plan to spend a lot of time outdoors in good weather or just like to save money. The speed of such charging directly depends on cloud cover and even in ideal conditions is not at all high.
Number of USB connectors
Most often, portable batteries are equipped with one or two USB ports, so they can charge one or two devices. Models with three or more ports are very rare - in most cases they are not needed.
Availability of a universal output connector and adapters
To charge the whole variety of different mobile devices, portable batteries are equipped with a universal connector, and many adapters are placed in the box. Before purchasing, you should make sure that the kit contains the adapters you need - for example, for a car or Apple laptops.
Power connection type
You can always charge the battery itself from a desktop PC via USB, but often an AC charger is also included. There may also be various adapters for mini USB or micro USB ports.
Waterproof housing
Having a case protected from moisture will come in handy if you plan to use the battery on a hike or outdoors in general - if it gets caught in the rain, it won’t become a useless piece of plastic.
The technological process does not stand still, and modern phone manufacturers are releasing more and more sophisticated models with many new features. Active improvement of software and hardware functionality leads to the fact that the battery life of the device is reduced. Large RAM, powerful processes, multi-inch touch screens and powerful cameras all contribute to the fact that batteries are discharged quite quickly. This is why it is important to have a reliable memory. It’s great if the original charger has been preserved, but what if it’s lost or broken? Then buying a new one raises the question of not only preserving the functionality of the phone, but also your own comfort.
Everyone has experienced their smartphone running out of power at the most inopportune moment. This is especially scary when there is sorely not enough time to recharge. At such moments, the first charger that comes to hand is grabbed, connected and the countdown begins. Sometimes the process happens quickly, and often it takes a treacherously long time. The result is sad - after some time there is no connection again. Today we’ll figure out how memory devices differ and how to make the right choice.
Charger type
Before purchasing, many people ask themselves which memory is better to choose: original, analog or universal? Many people buy the original, which means they do not worry about the compatibility of the device with gadgets, the speed and features of charging, as well as various risks (cheap chargers that are sold in tents in markets may well lead to strong heating of the battery). But it is not always possible to buy an original device, then a high-quality analogue will be the best option. It contains a list of compatible device models, as well as technical characteristics that are identical to those of the original.
Power connector
The memory can have different connectors:
The weakest link in the charger is the cable. If it is non-removable, then if it breaks, it is almost impossible to restore the functionality of the device. If it is removable, then the adapter itself, which is plugged into the network, can be used further by simply purchasing an additional wire.
When choosing a charger, it is better to give preference to proven brands. For questionable devices, the cable can reduce charging efficiency by up to 75%. And this is not only a loss of electricity, but also of your time. In addition, such cables can break or come off the connector, which ultimately remains in the device. This leads to a short circuit and failure of the device.
Fast charging
Some charger models have fast charging. She may be:
According to the developers of Quick Charge technology, battery charging can be accelerated by up to 75%. In the first few minutes, smartphones that are compatible with Quick Charge are charged for several hours of use. This is really convenient in the modern rhythm of life - you run into a cafe, plug in your gadget, drink a cup of coffee and leave with a phone with a decent battery charge.
The key difference between Quick Charge 3.0 technology and 2.0 is the presence of the INOV function or intelligent determination of the optimal voltage. Depending on the progress of the battery charge, the required current strength gradually decreases. This allows you to minimize wasted energy during recharging.
Using a special adapter with the Pump Express+ 2.0 function, you can fully charge your smartphone battery 1.5 times faster compared to a standard charger.
Price issue
Today, chargers are available in a wide price range. So, having spent:
From 65 to 300 rubles you can buy branded memory for devices of various brands (Sony Ericsson, Samsung, LG, Apple or Nokia). They can be without a wire, as well as with a removable or non-removable wire.
From 300 to 1000 rubles you can purchase universal chargers in a durable case with two USB connectors. They will become an indispensable companion when traveling and in everyday life.
for more than 1000 rubles you will receive reliable and practical chargers from leading brands. A number of models have the Quick Charge 2.0 or Quick Charge 3.0 fast charging function, in which the charging power is increased by voltage rather than current. Which is absolutely safe for the gadget, because... it does not overheat.
So, you choose a charger for your phone. The two most important factors that will help you make the right choice are the type of charger and the strength of its output current. Let's look at each factor in more detail.
Charger type
Which charger do you want to buy: an original one, a suitable analogue or a universal charger? Of course, many people choose the original. In this case, you don’t have to worry about the compatibility of the device with the phone, charging features, or fire risks (cheap chargers sold in bunches on the markets can lead to fatal overheating of the battery). But it happens that the original memory is too expensive or difficult to find in stores. A high-quality analogue of the original mains charger for iPhone will help out.
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charger analogues for iPhone and iPad
The quality of an analogue cannot be judged by the country of origin. The inscription “Made in China” can also be seen on the original, because well-known brands produce their phones, as well as components and accessories, in China. A good analogue should contain a list of compatible phone models and technical characteristics that repeat the characteristics of the original.
Most modern tablets and smartphones adopt a single power connector standard - microUSB. Therefore, it is beneficial to choose universal chargers with microUSB that can be connected to all your gadgets. One of them is the Partner mains charger. Please note that the output current of such a station wagon should not be lower than 2.1 A.
Output current
Why not lower than 2.1A? What is this parameter and what does it affect? Briefly and generally speaking, while the gadget is charging. On the device, the output current may be marked as “output” or “output”; the numbers indicated next to it indicate how much current the charger is capable of transmitting. To charge a smartphone, a current of at least 0.7 A is usually required. For a high-capacity tablet battery - about 2 A.
If you connect a phone charger to your tablet, it will take a very, very long time to charge. Chargers for smartphones are designed for 1 A. If you connect a 2.1 A charger to a smartphone? Can your phone burn out from charging this way? No, smartphones are provided with a power controller that does not take more than the smartphone requires. But the gadget will charge faster.
In addition to network chargers, you can charge smartphones through the USB port of a laptop. However, there is a possibility that the gadget will remain on charge for a long time. The USB format was created at a time when phones were not supposed to be connected to a computer, so USB ports were not designed to power a third-party device. They will charge with a current of only 500 mA (0.5A).
To speed up your phone's charging time, put it in Airplane mode/Airplane mode/Standalone mode. Under such conditions, all unnecessary applications and modules are disabled. The smartphone will charge at least 15% faster.
Short battery life of a smartphone is a pressing problem for a modern person, for whom it is important to always stay in touch. Because of this lack of gadgets, users are forced to regularly incur additional expenses - for the purchase of external batteries, for paid charging services in store stores, even for the purchase of “second” phones that can “insure” the main device in case it “dies.”
However, when a gadget quickly discharges, as a rule, the user himself is much more to blame than the manufacturer. By following some rules for charging your smartphone, you can significantly increase its battery life.
Why does my phone charge quickly?
The user should not be surprised by the fact that a simple “dialer” can work without an outlet for 1-2 weeks, while a smartphone dies within a day after the last recharge. The functionality of push-button phones is usually so primitive that it drains the battery there's just nothing. At the same time, smartphones have a whole arsenal of additional options, thanks to which they can successfully replace navigators, cameras, game consoles and other highly specialized devices. All these options quickly eat up amps.
Here are the main enemies of smartphone batteries:
- WiFi. If the Wi-Fi module is turned on, the battery drains much faster. If wireless Internet distribution is also activated on your smartphone, you can see how the battery charge percentage is counting down right before your eyes. An important point is that turned on Wi-Fi drains the battery to a greater extent during periods of searching for a network than during constant connection. That is why, when leaving the reception area, you should not only switch to LTE, but also turn off Wi-Fi.
- Geolocation. Thanks to enabled geolocation, the user of a mobile device is able to track his location on the map and find out how far it is to his destination. Many people do not feel such a need, and therefore geolocation on their smartphones works in vain, devouring precious milliamps.
- Long conversations. In the specifications, the approximate battery life of gadgets is always indicated in 2 options: In standby And in talk mode. Talk time is significantly shorter. The user should, if possible, replace live communication with correspondence on social networks and instant messengers if he wants his device to last longer without recharging.
Contrary to popular belief, applications open on a smartphone in the background have almost no effect on battery consumption. Starting a program from scratch is a much more energy-intensive procedure, so if you use any application constantly, closing it every time is pointless.
The reason for rapid battery consumption is not always found in software level. Perhaps the whole point is a technical malfunction, poor quality of the battery or its wear and tear. Every battery has its own service life, which is measured in the number of charging cycles. Once the threshold value is reached, the smartphone begins to drain faster with each new charge.
The iPhone has an approximate battery life of 500 cycles, which is between one and a half to two years of use. From the 501st cycle, the battery of an Apple gadget begins to lose efficiency. Upon reaching the 1000th cycle, the battery capacity is usually only 50% of the original. You can find out the number of charge cycles on your iPhone using the program Battery Life.
Slow charging: what is the reason?
The reason why the smartphone is charging slowly, is hardly a malfunction of the gadget and its components. Most likely, the problem lies in the charger elements or in the power source.
If the smartphone is recharged not from an outlet, but from the port of a laptop or PC, you should not expect the battery to be filled to the brim in the usual time. USB port format 2.0 provides power of only 2.5 W, whereas to recharge a battery with a capacity of 3000 mAp required approximately 5 W. Ports of the format cope better with the task of recharging gadgets 3.0 giving 4.5 W.
However, if the laptop is equipped, then you can forget about connecting the smartphone to the outlet forever. A new type of USB can charge devices with up to 100 W, which means quickly refilling the battery of a mobile phone or even a tablet through this outlet will not be difficult.
Poor quality USB cable and insufficient adapter characteristics can also be the reasons for slow charging. When choosing an adapter, you should pay attention to current power- an indicator expressed in amperes (A). Previously, this point had to be taken into account - if the current power was low, the device would charge slowly or “not reach” the capacity. At the same time, it was impossible to “go too far”; too much current could harm the battery. In 2019, such a problem does not exist.
There is no need to worry about the fact that too much current will “burn” your smartphone - all gadgets have special charging controllers that do not allow more current to pass through than the device can withstand. In addition, a high-quality control system has similar controllers.
How to charge your phone: main rules
Mobile technology users still remember the rule from the 2000s: Discharge your phone to 0%, then charge it completely. This rule is only relevant for nickel batteries, which you can’t find today “in the wild”. Most smartphones come with lithium-ion batteries that cannot be discharged to zero - this causes irreparable harm to them!
In recent years, information has begun to come from manufacturers of mobile equipment that in order to “maintain” the life of the battery, it should be kept at a level of 20 to 80%. Of course, you can go beyond these limits, but ideally you should adhere to the recommendations. Some modern gadgets already have a hardware function that automatically cuts off the power supply when the capacity reaches 80%, or there is a corresponding option in the power settings. Representatives of Asus spoke about this mode. If there is no special function, then nothing prevents you from installing the appropriate software from PlayMarket or AppStore, which will perform a similar task.
- Do not leave a fully charged smartphone connected to an outlet– especially for the whole night. This leads to overheating of the battery and, as a result, to a reduction in its service life. To avoid disastrous consequences, the user should pay attention to pulsed chargers - we will tell you later how they differ from conventional ones.
- Monitor the temperature. During charging, the smartphone already heats up - if it is also left in the sun, it can easily fail. Of course, the device should not be covered with something or hidden somewhere. All this is additional heating and, as a result, possible breakdown. Do not forget that low temperatures are no less harmful to the battery. The reference ambient temperature for charging is 20 degrees Celsius.
- Regularly recharge your smartphone- at least a little bit. Short-term charging is not a detrimental measure for modern lithium-ion batteries- this has been proven by an organization called University of Battery Research and Production (Cadex). To be able to power the gadget in any conditions, it is worth purchasing the so-called Power Bank- external battery . Our site has already talked about how to choose an external battery for a smartphone.
- Once every three months (but not more often), completely discharge your smartphone and charge it to 100%. This measure will allow you to calibrate the electronics, which are responsible for the correct display of charge percentages. A user who neglects such a measure should not be surprised that his gadget “suddenly” turns off at 5-10%.
- To not allowdeep discharge . This concept means leaving the smartphone in a discharged state for a long time. The gadget is dead and won’t turn on– one of the most common complaints from users applying for warranty service.
An important point is that if the phone is planned to be “mothballed”, that is, it will not be used in the near future, the battery should be charged to 50%. In this state, the device must be turned off. You cannot completely discharge or charge your smartphone before sending it to temporary rest.
The recommendation to use only original accessories for recharging is highly questionable. Of course, it is better to power the gadget with the charger that was included in the kit. However, if it fails, the user will be faced with a serious dilemma due to an understandable desire to save money - after all, the original accessory is two or three times more expensive than the universal one.
In fact there is no big difference between universal and original memory devices. If a universal charger for a smartphone is made by a well-known company, and not a Chinese “know-name”, it will definitely not destroy the gadget.
How to properly charge a new battery?
Following the advice of discharging and charging a new smartphone three times is a sure way to ruin the battery in the first days of use. This again had to be done with nickel batteries - as for lithium batteries, each complete discharge significantly shortens their service life.
Modern gadgets do not have any special requirements for the first charge. Users do not need to believe in the “noodles” that consultants and “pseudo-experts” of thematic sites “hang on their ears.”
It is best for the owner of a smartphone to take the instructions, find what it says about charging time, and leave the gadget connected to the outlet for the time specified in the manual. After this time, you should disconnect the device from the power supply at 100% charge and then adhere to the rules listed above.
How to choose a charger for a smartphone?
Many of the options to consider when choosing a phone charger have already been mentioned in this article. In fact, for modern gadgets, the SZU is selected according to the principle - the higher the current, power and voltage indicators, the better. The fact is that a few years ago, powerful charging could very well burn the battery. In 2019, power supplies have controllers and modes that determine what exactly is connected to them and based on this they supply current with safe parameters.
Other parameters that you should look at when purchasing are as follows:
- Type. All memory devices are conditionally classified into 2 types: transformer And pulse. Pulse ones differ in that they are equipped with timers that can automatically stop charging. The fast charging mode of a pulse charger lasts about 4 hours - this time, as a rule, is enough for the battery to gain the bulk of its capacity. Then the energy begins to be supplied in small portions - “pulses” - so that the smartphone does not lose charge.
- Construction and design. Solid chargers that do not allow the user to disconnect the wire from the power supply are becoming a thing of the past. Purchasing such a charger unprofitable, because the owner of the gadget has to buy a USB cable “in addition” to it - if he intends to download data from a PC to the smartphone.
It is more advisable to purchase a cable and adapter equipped with several ports.
Thanks to this adapter, the user gets the opportunity to charge two or more mobile devices simultaneously– to do this, you just need to buy a second cable, which costs much less than additional charging. 
When ordering a charging adapter on a Chinese website, the user should also pay attention to plug type. For Russian sockets you need European standard plugs– example in the picture above in the upper left corner. However, there is no particular point in ordering SPDs in China today; Russian online stores offer a more than decent selection of high-quality devices with reasonable prices. You can find the best options in our rating of network chargers below.
The best wall chargers
Qumo 23714
Price: from 1,299 rubles.
Quite a budget model with 3 USB-A outputs. The top one has support for Quick Charge (3.0, 2.0, 1.0). Maximum current – 4.2 A, power – 18 W. The SZU automatically selects the necessary parameters for charging the connected gadget, and also has protection against power surges, overload and short circuit. An option for those who need to quickly and safely charge several gadgets without paying a lot of money for it.
Aukey PA-Y9
Price: from 1,490 rubles.
The stylish charger from Aukey is equipped with a reversible USB-C 5 V/3 A connector and a classic USB-A 5 V/2.1 A port. The total power is 25.5 W. This will allow you to safely charge any gadget from the latest iPhone to any tablet. The body of the SZU is made of high-quality plastic with Soft Touch coating. If necessary, the plug is retracted into a special niche on the body, which simplifies the process of storing the unit or carrying it with you.
MOMAX U.Bull (UM3S)
Price: from 1,690 rubles.
A model with an interesting design and three connectors. This is an excellent option for charging Apple equipment and any other expensive devices. The top USB-C port with 5 V/5.4 A is designed for charging MacBooks or laptops powered by Type-C, the two lower USB-A 5 V/2.4 A ports are suitable for powering any mobile gadget. Total power – 28 W.
The SZU received support for Automax technology, which is capable of understanding which device is connected to it and providing the appropriate current parameters for safe charging. In addition, protection against overheating, short circuit, and high voltage is provided. The power supply comes with a silicone case (red or blue options available) which has slots for attaching the power cable.
RIVACASE Rivapower VA4125 + Lightning
Price: from 1,890 rubles.
Not the most interesting SZU in terms of execution, but quite convenient and functional. The model is equipped with two USB-A connectors with 5 V/3.4 A with a total output power of 17 W. This is enough to simultaneously charge two smartphones or tablets. The kit includes a detachable 1.2 meter Lightning cable for charging your iPhone. The charger is available in white or black. An excellent option for those who need a power supply with a cable included for reasonable money and good quality.
Belkin F7U011vfSLV
Price: from 1,990 rubles.
Belkin accessories are most loved by Apple owners. This is not surprising, since this company makes not only high quality, but also very stylish. The model received two outputs – USB-C and USB-A. The first has a current of 3 A, the second 2.4 A, the total power is 27 W. The SZU is made of high-quality plastic with high wear resistance and fire protection properties. The case is quite compact, which makes it convenient to carry with you. Color: Silver. MFI certified.
ANKER PowerPort Speed 5 Ports 63W
Price: from 2,990 rubles.
A model designed for 5 devices at once. Suitable for those who have many gadgets at home or in the office. All outputs are USB-A type, two ports support Quick Charge, the remaining three support PowerIQ (automatic selection of current supply parameters depending on the connected device). The device has a blue LED operation indicator - from it the user can understand that the device is connected to the network. The accessory is small in size, all internal elements are hidden in a case made of high-quality plastic. The total power is 63 W, the maximum current is 12 A. There is MFI certification, that is, Apple officially recognizes this device as safe for its equipment.
Conclusion
Unfortunately, domestic users continue to stubbornly believe common myths about charging mobile devices. They don’t even suspect that, trying, for example, to completely discharge the batteries of smartphones, they are doing a disservice to their devices. Recommendations that were left in the memory of users in the 2000s are relevant for nickel batteries. Modern smartphones have lithium ion batteries, the care requirements for which are completely different.
